دانلود کتاب Sources et autonomisation du savoir historique en français : l’exemple des récits autour d’Énée dans les histoires universelles médiévales

While the eleventh and twelfth centuries saw the rise of vernacular literature, the historical domain had to wait until the thirteenth century before the first universal history was written completely in the language of oïl, the Histoire ancienne jusqu’à César. Originally inspired by the same genre in Latin, and translated from this language, medieval universal history in French, in the last centuries of the Middle Ages, discreetly dissociates itself from its model in order to become an autonomous genre, leading to original works. Thanks to the stories about Aeneas contained in universal histories from the 13th to the 15th century, it is possible to observe the different manifestations of this phenomenon of autonomous knowledge in French. The use of French sources by later stories at the expense of the Aeneid used by the first vernacular universal histories confirms the concrete authority acquired by authors of medieval historical texts.

As the stories about Aeneas are unpublished, the primary purpose of this thesis is to give readings to these texts. The first part presents interpretative transcriptions of the texts of the seven universal histories used for this study, namely, the Histoire ancienne jusqu’à César, the Chronique dite de Baudouin d’Avesnes, the Manuel d’histoire de Philippe de Valois, the Myreur des histors of Jean d'Outremeuse, Jean Mansel's Fleur des hystoires, the Miroir du Monde and the Bouquechardière of Jean de Courcy. The second part concentrates on the genre of universal history and more precisely on the evolution of the narratives about Aeneas, their sources, their constants, their differences, which make it possible to observe the constitution of a knowledge autonomous history in French. Particular attention is finally paid to the evolution of the character of Aeneas in this corpus, since the son of Anchises is the place where one can observe the result of the evolution of a history in French acquiring its independence from sources first Latin.