دانلود کتاب Assessment of Impact of Mining on Water Quality and It’s Modelling

In the present work, water samples were collected from various sampling sites, followed by laboratory analysis and water quality modelling. Water sampling was done in the area surrounding TRB iron ore mine owned by Jindal Steel & Power Ltd, located in Tensa region of Sundergarh district in Odisha during October 2016. The location of sampling was so selected because of the nearness of mining site to residential areas. In recent years, the surrounding surface and ground water bodies were gradually contaminated due to the mining operations.
A total of 23 water quality parameters of the collected water samples, viz., Temperature, Conductivity, Oxidation Reduction Potential, pH, Acidity, Alkalinity, Dissolved Oxygen, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Hardness, Turbidity, Sulphate, Phosphate, Nitrate, Chloride, Fluoride, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Manganese, Iron, Copper and Nickel, were determined by laboratory analysis.
The water quality modelling was done using WA-WQI (Weighted Average - Water Quality Index) based on 11 water quality parameters, viz., pH, Conductivity, DO, TDS, Hardness, BOD, Sulphate, Chloride, Nitrate, Calcium and Iron.
Graphical modelling was done for all the determined water quality parameters in order to make the water quality analysis easily comprehensible. Graphical models of all the water quality parameters were created in QGIS (Quantum GIS) software using IDW (Inverse Distance Weighting) method, in which all the water quality parameters were interpolated and displayed for the area surrounding the sampling locations. Finally, a 3D graphical model of WA-WQI was created, represented as a DEM (Digital Elevation Model), where higher elevation indicates higher values of WA-WQI.