دانلود کتاب Flow of Polymer Solutions Through Porous Media

This is a Ph.D. dissertation. Nowadays, about 85% of the world energy demand is delivered by fossil energy and oil's share in world demand is more than 30%. World oil consumption per year has increased from 3.2 billion m^3 in 1975 to 4.4 billion m^3 in 2000 and it is expected to increase up to 5.2 billion m^3 in 2010. The last decade has seen a progressive increase in global discovery volumes. This is mainly due to two reasons: 1) access to some very progressive resource areas, e.g. the former Soviet Union and 2) advances in technology allowing the production of previously uneconomic reserves. Actually it is estimated that there is still oil for about 60 years. Consequently leading energy companies are investing amounts of money into gas concessions and related production- and storage facilities. In addition, much money is invested into the development of non-fossil energy alternatives like wind-, solar- and biomass energy and forestry. However, these new sources of energy are not yet competitive on a large scale. Therefore, apart from the continuous search for new findings, companies are persisting in developing techniques to make energy recovery and consumption more efficient. In this way they intend to stretch the lifespan of the fossil resources. The work in this thesis should be seen in this perspective. Contents include: Introduction, Flow Through Porous Media, Flow Through Packed Beds of Monodisperse Spheres, Elongational Dissipation in Porous Media; Corrugated Cappilary Bundle Models, Corrugated Capillary Bundle Models: Predictions by a New Lubrication Approximation Method, Permeability Modification and Rheology of Aqueous Polyacrylamide Solutions, New Insights on Polymer Retention and Rheology in Porous Media; the Gelant Diversion Process, On the Permeability Reduction due to Adsorbed Polyelectrolytes, Conclusions.