دانلود کتاب Popes From the Ghetto: A View of Medieval Christendom

WARNING: Written by a Jew, the author denies Jesus Christ's divinity.
St. Bernard of Clairvaux spent the entire 8 years of the anti-papacy denouncing Anacletus! Anacletus was a student of heretic Abelard (who taught, [D 3](https://denzinger.patristica.net/denzinger/#n300)68 ff., "the Holy Spirit is the soul of the world", "Christ did not assume flesh to free us from the yoke of the devil", "we have not contracted sin from Adam, but only punishment", "God neither ought nor is He able to prevent evil", etc.)!
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*Popes from the Ghetto* is the true story of the three Jewish Popes who ruled the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages. It is also an eye-opening and controversial view of medieval Christendom, and the alienation of the Church from its Jewish roots. This fascinating study culminates thirty years of research and writing by Dr. Joachim Prinz, the distinguished president of the American Jewish Congress.
Bitterly attacked as " *that Jew on the throne of Peter* " [[Anti]Pope Anaclet[us] II](https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01447a.htm) (1130-38) was still a Jew to his contemporaries even though his family had converted to Catholicism three generations before. As Dr. Prinz points out, this has been almost entirely forgotten in succeeding centuries. A student of Abelard and one of the most enlightened Pontiffs of the Middle Ages, Anaclet was a member of the Pierleoni, the so-called "Rothschilds of the Middle Ages," an enormously powerful banking family who dominated much of medieval Rome from their strongholds in the city's ancient Ghetto.* He ascended the throne during the great medieval battle between the forces of reason and the militant advocates of unquestioning faith.
Now new research has uncovered astonishing new evidence that two other Popes were also relatives of the Pierleoni. One is [[Antipope] Gregory VI](https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06791b.htm) (1045-46), the first of the medieval Reform Popes, who, only fifteen years after the conversion of the Jewish Pierleoni, was seated on the Papal throne. He had frankly and openly *bought* the [Anti-]Papacy, and was deposed two years later. But his disciple and close relative, Hildebrand, succeeded to the throne as [[St.] Gregory VII](https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06791c.htm) in 1073-85. This "Jewish" Pope became the most brilliant advocate of Papal supremacy in the history of the Holy See, and was later made a saint. Of particular interest and value to the general reader in this new day of ecumenical ferment and progress, will be Dr. Prinz's colorful, careful delineation of historical background. With clarity and immediacy rare among religious chroniclers, he traces the story of Judaeo-Christian relations back to Christ's ministry among his fellow Jews. He proceeds to the early growth of Christianity (at first only in Jewish communities on the Mediterranean) and follows its development from the Jew, Peter (the first Bishop of Rome), through the conversion of Constantine (who banned Passover as a Christian holiday), on to the growth of monasticism (developing from Jewish asceticism).
In addition, much of the book is devoted to the great triumphs and horrors which punctuated the history of the Jews under medieval Christian rule—the power and affluence of Jewish traders and moneyers—the violent anti-Semitic purges— the enormous contribution of Jews to the cultural and intellectual life of the period.
* *The tower pictured on the jacket is one of the few Pierleoni possessions still extant. Known today as "The Tower of Countess Matilda" it stands at the end of what was once called "The Jew's Bridge," at the entrance to the* Trastevere *, Rome's medieval Ghetto.*
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The case of [Antipope Anacletus II](https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01447a.htm) vs. [Pope Innocent II](http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08012a.htm) seems analogous to what's happening in the Church today. Pope Innocent was elected a mere 3 hours before Anacletus, and they both received episcopal consecration the same day. Anacletus, who had great clout from making his fortune off usury, drove Pope Innocent away from Rome; thus, Anacletus was considered the valid pope by nearly everyone. When Anacletus died eight years later, Pope Innocent II convened the [Second Lateran Council](https://www.dailycatholic.org/history/10ecumen.htm), which annulled Anacletus's anti-papacy, reversed all the laws he enacted, and deposed the bishops and priests that Anacletus invalidly ordained.