دانلود کتاب Suez Canal: 1250 to 1920: Middle East

In this period, the Suez Canal was regarded as the navigational and trade route that connects two continents, Asia and Europe. It is an artificial (human-made) waterway system that cuts through the territories of Egypt and serves as the link between two seas—the Mediterranean Sea, from Port Said beside the Al Qabuti territory of Egypt adjacent to Port Fouad in Sinai (another Egyptian territory that was occupied by Israel from 1956 to 1982), and the Red Sea, from its city of Suez on the Gulf of Suez—as the starting point for delivering big shipments from international steam and commercial ships and mid-sized shipments from local ships. Construction began in April 1859, and the Suez Canal opened in November 1869; it took 10 years to complete it. According to the statistics provided by the Suez Canal Authority of the Arab Republic of Egypt, the canal was 164 kilometers (102 miles) long ...