دانلود کتاب Antarctic Ecosystems: An Extreme Environment in a Changing World

Since its discovery Antarctica has held a deep fascination for biologists. Extreme environmental conditions, seasonality and isolation have lead to some of the most striking examples of natural selection and adaptation on Earth. Paradoxically, some of these adaptations may pose constraints on the ability of the Antarctic biota to respond to climate change. Parts of Antarctica are showing some of the largest changes in temperature and other environmental conditions in the world. In this volume, published in association with the Royal Society, leading polar scientists present a synthesis of the latest research on the biological systems in Antarctica, covering organisms from microbes to vertebrate higher predators. This book comes at a time when new technologies and approaches allow the implications of climate change and other direct human impacts on Antarctica to be viewed at a range of scales; across entire regions, whole ecosystems and down to the level of species and variation within their genomes. Chapters address both Antarctic terrestrial and marine ecosystems, and the scientific and management challenges of the future are explored.  Content: Chapter 1 Spatial and Temporal Variability in Terrestrial Antarctic Biodiversity (pages 11–43): Steven L. Chown and Peter ConveyChapter 2 Global Change in a Low Diversity Terrestrial Ecosystem: The McMurdo Dry Valleys (pages 44–62): Diana H. WallChapter 3 Antarctic Lakes as Models for the Study of Microbial Biodiversity, Biogeography and Evolution (pages 63–89): David A. Pearce and Johanna Laybourn?ParryChapter 4 The Impact of Regional Climate Change on the Marine Ecosystem of the Western Antarctic Peninsula (pages 91–120): Andrew Clarke, David K. A. Barnes, Thomas J. Bracegirdle, Hugh W. Ducklow, John C. King, Michael P. Meredith, Eugene J. Murphy and Lloyd S. PeckChapter 5 The Marine System of the Western Antarctic Peninsula (pages 121–159): Hugh Ducklow, Andrew Clarke, Rebecca Dickhut, Scott C. Doney, Heidi Geisz, Kuan Huang, Douglas G. Martinson, Michael P. Meredith, Holly V. Moeller, Martin Montes?Hugo, Oscar Schofield, Sharon E. Stammerjohn, Debbie Steinberg and William FraserChapter 6 Spatial and Temporal Operation of the Scotia Sea Ecosystem (pages 160–212): E. J. Murphy, J. L. Watkins, P. N. Trathan, K. Reid, M. P. Meredith, S. L. Hill, S. E. Thorpe, N. M. Johnston, A. Clarke, G. A. Tarling, M. A. Collins, J. Forcada, A. Atkinson, P. Ward, I. J. Staniland, D. W. Pond, R. A. Cavanagh, R. S. Shreeve, R. E. Korb, M. J. Whitehouse, P. G. Rodhouse, P. Enderlein, A. G. Hirst, A. R. Martin, D. R. Briggs, N. J. Cunningham and A. H. FlemingChapter 7 The Ross Sea Continental Shelf: Regional Biogeochemical Cycles, Trophic Interactions, and Potential Future Changes (pages 213–242): Walker O. Smith, David G. Ainley, Riccardo Cattaneo?Vietti and Eileen E. HofmannChapter 8 Pelagic Ecosystems in the Waters off East Antarctica (30° E–150° E) (pages 243–254): Stephen Nicol and Ben RaymondChapter 9 The Dynamic Mosaic (pages 255–290): David K. A. Barnes and Kathleen E. ConlanChapter 10 Southern Ocean Deep Benthic Biodiversity (pages 291–334): A. Brandt, C. De Broyer, B. Ebbe, K. E. Ellingsen, A. J. Gooday, D. Janussen, S. Kaiser, K. Linse, M. Schueller, M. R. A. Thomson, P. A. Tyler and A. VanreuselChapter 11 Environmental Forcing and Southern Ocean Marine Predator Populations (pages 335–353): Phil N. Trathan, Jaume Forcada and Eugene J. MurphyChapter 12 Molecular Ecophysiology of Antarctic Notothenioid Fishes (pages 355–378): C.?H. Christina Cheng and H. William DetrichChapter 13 Mechanisms Defining Thermal Limits and Adaptation in Marine Ectotherms: An Integrative View (pages 379–416): Hans O. Portner, Lloyd S. Peck and George N. SomeroChapter 14 Evolution and Biodiversity of Antarctic Organisms (pages 417–467): Alex D. RogersChapter 15 Biogeography and Regional Classifications of Antarctica (pages 469–491): P. Convey, D. K. A. Barnes, H. J. Griffiths, S. M. Grant, K. Linse and D. N. ThomasChapter 16 Conservation and Management of Antarctic Ecosystems (pages 492–525): Susie M. Grant, Pete Convey, Kevin A. Hughes, Richard A. Phillips and Phil N. Trathan