دانلود کتاب The science of defoaming : theory, experiment and applications

Content: Some General Properties of Foams Introduction The Structure of Foams Foam Films Processes Accompanying Aging of Foam Summarizing Remarks Experimental Methods for Study of Foam and Antifoam Action Introduction Measurement of Foam Observations With Single Foam Films Air-Water-Oil Pseudoemulsion Films Spreading Behavior of Oils Summarizing Remarks References Oils at Interfaces: Entry Coefficients, Spreading Coefficients, and Thin Film forces Introduction Classical Entry and Spreading Coefficients Generalized Entry Coefficients, Pseudoemulsion Films, and Thin Film forces Mode of Rupture of Pseudoemulsion Films Generalized Spreading Coefficients and Thin Film forces Spreading Behavior of Typical Antifoam Oils at Aqueous Surfaces Non-Equilibrium Effects due to Surfactant Transport Summarizing Remarks References Mode of Action of Antifoams Introduction Antifoam Effects due to Solubilized Oils Effect on Foamability of Mesophase Precipitation in Aqueous Surfactant Solutions Surface Tension Gradients and Theories of Antifoam Mechanism Oil Bridges and Antifoam Mechanism Antifoam Behavior of Emulsified Liquids Inert Hydrophobic Particles and Capillary Theories of Antifoam Mechanism for Aqueous Systems Mixtures of Hydrophobic Particles and Oils as Antifoams for Aqueous Systems Summarizing Remarks References Appendix 4.1: Some Examples of Early Antifoam Patents Concerning Mixtures of Hydrophobic Particles and Oils Effect of Antifoam Concentration on Volumes of Foam Generated by Air Entrainment Phenomenology Statistical Theory of Antifoam Action Summarizing Remarks Appendix 5.1: Effect of Excluded Volume on Antifoam Concentration in A Film Exhibiting Reynolds Drainage References Deactivation of Mixed Oil-Particle Antifoams During Dispersal and Foam Generation in Aqueous Media Introduction Deactivation of Antifoam Effect of Polydimethylsiloxane Oils Without Particles Early Work With Hydrophobed Silica-Polydimethylsiloxane Antifoams Deactivation of Hydrophobed Silica-Polydimethylsiloxane Antifoams By Disproportionation Effect of Oil Viscosity on Deactivation of Hydrophobed Silica-Polydimethylsiloxane Antifoams Deactivation in Other Types of Oil-Particle Antifoams Theories of Foam Volume Growth in Presence of Deactivating Antifoam Summarizing Remarks References Mechanical Methods for Defoaming Introduction Defoaming Using Rotary Devices Defoaming Using Ultrasound Defoaming Using Packed Beds of Appropriate Wettability Summarizing Remarks References Appendix 7.1: Summary of Empirical Studies of Mechanical Defoaming by Rotary Devices Antifoams for Detergent Products Introduction Powders for Machine Washing of Laundry Liquids for Machine Washing of Laundry Machine Dishwashing General Hard-Surface Cleaning Products Summarizing Remarks Appendix 8.1: Examples of Patents Claiming Incorporation of Polysiloxane-Hydrophobed Silica Antifoams in Detergent Powders for Machine Washing of Textiles References Control of Foam in Waterborne Latex Paints and Varnishes Introduction Foam and Antifoam Behaviour Specific Issues Concerning Oil-Based Antifoams Summarizing Remarks References Antifoams for Gas-Oil Separation in Crude Oil Production Introduction Surface Activity at Gas-Hydrocarbon and Gas-Crude Oil interfaces Causes of Foam formation in Gas-Crude Oil Systems Use of Antifoams Summarizing Remarks References Medical Applications of Defoaming Introduction Use of Simethicone Antifoam in Treatment of Gastrointestinal Gas Defoaming of Blood During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery Summarizing Remarks References