This work is based on the Mexico 2000 meeting under the auspices of ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics) and INTSORMIL (International Sorghum and Millet Collaborative Research Support Program). Sorghum and millet are very important agronomic crops in many parts of the world, specifically in the semi-arid regions in warm areas. The crops are of great significance in supplying food and feed in the developing areas of Latin America, Africa, and Asia.Content: Chapter 1 Transition from the Second to the Third World Review of Sorghum and Millet Diseases (pages 1–9): Walter A. J. de MillianoChapter 2 Sorghum Worldwide (pages 11–17): A. Bruce MaunderChapter 3 Diseases of Finger Millet ? A Global Overview (pages 19–26): J. Peter EseleChapter 4 Gene Management and Breeding for Downy Mildew Resistance (pages 27–36): C. Tom Hash and John R. WitcombeChapter 5 Pearl Millet Downy Mildew: Problems and Control Strategies for a New Millennium (pages 37–41): Dale E. Hess, Ram P. Thakur, C. Tom Hash, P. Sereme and Clint W. MagillChapter 6 Identification of Resistance to Downy Mildew and Smut of Pearl Millet in Ghana (pages 43–45): Stephen K. Nutsugah,, Ibrahim D. K. Atokple and K P. RaoChapter 7 Boosting Pearl Millet Yields with Apron Plus® and Apron Star® Seed Treatments (pages 47–49): John F. Scheuring, Seriba 0. Katile and Issofou A. KolloChapter 8 Variability in Sclerospora graminicola, the Pearl Millet Downy Mildew Pathogen (pages 51–56): Ram P. Thakur, Clint W. Magill, S. Sivaramakrishnan, C. Tom Hash, H. S. Shetty and Dale E. HessChapter 9 Pearl Millet Ergot Research: Advances and Implications (pages 57–63): Ram P. Thakur and K. N. RaiChapter 10 The Dynamic Multiline Population: An Alternative Approach to Durable Resistance? (pages 65–69): Jeflrey P. Wilson and Roger N. GatesChapter 11 Recommendations from the Ergot Working Group at the Third Global Conference on Sorghum and Millets Diseases (pages 71–74): Gary N. OdvodyChapter 12 Distribution and Diversity of the Sorghum Sugary Disease Pathogens in India (pages 75–78): Ranajit Bandyopadhyay, V. Muthusubramanian, Paul W. Tooley, Sukurnar Chakraborw, Sylvie Pazoutova, and Shrishail S. NaviChapter 13 Survival of Inoculum of Claviceps africana in Zimbabwe: Potential Sources of Initial Inoculum (pages 79–82): Debra E. Frederickson and Gary N. OdvodyChapter 14 Response of Sorghum B and R Lines to Ergot (Claviceps africana) at Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico (pages 83–85): Miguel Hernandez?Martinez, Leopoldo E. Mendoza?Onofre, Porfirio Ramirez?Vallejo, Seigi Osada?Kawasoe, Elizabeth Cardenas?Soriano and Francisco Zavala?GarciaChapter 15 Four Genotypes of Claviceps spp. Cause Sorghum Ergot in Australia (pages 87–89): Birte Komolong, Sukumar Chakraborty, Malcolm J. Ryley and David YatesChapter 16 Biosynthesis of Bioactive Honeydew Oligosaccharides by Sorghum Ergot Pathogens (pages 91–94): Peter G. Mantle and Amauri BogoChapter 17 Genotype x Environment Effects on the Response of Sorghum to Ergot and Repercussions for Disease Screening (pages 95–101): Neal W. McLarenChapter 18 Effect of Cold Degree Units on Incidence of Claviceps africana in Sorghum Hybrids (pages 103–104): Noe Montes, Gary N Odvody and M. Marin SilvaChapter 19 Advances in Claviceps africana Chemical Control (pages 105–110): Noe Montes, Gary N Odvody and Hector Williams?AlanisChapter 20 Relationship Between Climatic Variables and Claviceps africana Incidence on Sorghum Hybrids in Northern Mexico (pages 111–112): Noe Montes, Gary N. Odvody and Hector Williams?AlanisChapter 21 Differences in Ergot Vulnerability Among Sorghum Genotypes and the Relationship Between Stigma Receptivity and Ergot Vulnerability (pages 113–120): Jorge L. Moran, W. L. Rooney, Richard A. Frederiksen and Gary N. OdvodyChapter 22 Sorghum Ergot (Claviceps afrcana) in Mexico (pages 121–122): Jesus Narro?Sanchez, Roberto Paredes?Melesio, Juan Angel Quijano?Carranza, Rodolfo Velasquez?Valle and Jose Luis Maya?de LeonChapter 23 Quarantine Issues Arising from Contamination of Seed with Ergot: An Update (pages 123–127): Gary N. Odvody, Debra E. Frederickson, Tom Isakeit, Noe Montes, Jeff A. Dahlberg and Gary L. PetersonChapter 24 Detection of Sclerotia of Claviceps africana in the Western Hemisphere (pages 129–130): Gary N. Odvody, Noe Montes, Debra E. Frederickson and Jesus Narro?SanchezChapter 25 Factors Associated with Ergot Resistance in Sorghum (pages 131–132): Evelyn Ortiz?Perez, Francisco Zavala?Garcia, J. L. de la Garza, G. E. Salinas and Nora E. GarciaChapter 26 Ergot and Its Impact on Hybrid Sorghum Seed Production in Venezuela (page 133): Tirso PachecoChapter 27 The Genus Claviceps: Evolution at Work (pages 135–140): Sylvie PazoutovaChapter 28 An Overview of the Biology of Sorghum Ergot (pages 141–150): Malcolm J. Ryley, Damian J. Herde, Shamsul A. Bhuiyan, Robert G. Henzell and David R. JordanChapter 29 Intraspecific Variation in Claviceps africana (pages 151–155): Paul W. Tooley and Nichole R. O'NeilChapter 30 Striga Control in Sudan: An Integrated Approach (pages 157–163): A. G. T. BabikerChapter 31 Striga: Biological Control Strategies for a New Millennium (pages 165–170): Dale E. Hess, J. Kroschel, Doulaye Traore, A. E. M. Elzein, Paul S. Marley, A. A. Abbasher and C. DiarraChapter 32 Sorghum Grain Mold: Through the 1990s into the New Millennium (pages 171–183): Ranajit Bandyopadhyay, Christopher R. Little, Ralph D. Waniska and David R. ButlerChapter 33 Stalk Rots of Sorghum (pages 185–190): Larry E. Claflin and Laura M. GiordaChapter 34 A Population Genetic Approach to Variation in Colletotrichum graminicola, the Causal Agent of Sorghum Anthracnose (pages 191–199): Liane Rosewich GaleChapter 35 Will the Real “Fusarium monilforme” Please Stand Up! (pages 201–209): John F. Leslie and Walter F.O. MarasasChapter 36 Sorghum Anthracnose?Problem and Management Strategies (pages 211–220): Kusum Mathur, Ram P. Thakur, Adama Neya, Paul S. Marley and Carlos R. CaselaChapter 37 Genetic Variability Among and Within Host?Specialized Isolates of Sporisorium reilianum (pages 221–225): G. Naidoo and J. Heriberto Torres?MontalvoChapter 38 Grain Mold Fungi from Sorghum in Ghana (pages 227–228): Stephen K. Nutsugah, Vibeke Leth, Ibrahim D. K. Atokple and Francis K. TsigbeyChapter 39 Mycotoxins from Fungal?Infected Sorghum: Claviceps, Fusarium, and the Striga Connection (pages 229–235): James K. Porter, Charles W. Bacon, William P. Norred, Emma M. Wray, Gretchen A. Kuldau, Anthony E. Glenn and John F. LeslieChapter 40 Identification of Molecular Markers for an Oval Leaf Spot Resistance Gene in Sorghum (pages 237–241): Khazan S. Boora, A. Sindhu, P. Boora and Clint W. MagillChapter 41 Pearl Millet Genomics and Breeding for Resistance to Downy Mildew (pages 243–246): Wendy A. Breese, C. Tom Hash, Katrien M. Devos and Catherine J. HowarthChapter 42 Molecular Tags for Disease Resistance Genes in Sorghum: Improved Prospects for Mapping (pages 247–252): Clint W. Magill, Richard A. Frederiksen, Khazan Boora, Ramasamy Perumal and S. SivaramakrishnanChapter 43 Developmental Stages of Sorghum Caryopses, With Emphasis on the Aleurone Transfer Cell and Placental Sac (pages 255–257): Kirsten Engell, Lise Bolt Jorgensen, Jette Dahl Moller, Eigil de Neergaard and Elisabeth WesterChapter 44 Plant?Parasitic Nematodes of Sorghum and Pearl Millet: Emphasis on Africa (pages 259–266): Issoufou Abdourhamane KolloChapter 45 Evaluation of Reduced Sorghum Seed Germination (pages 267–268): Neal W. McLaren, Jeanetta Saayman, J. Benade and Marlene van der WaltChapter 46 Free and Bound Phenolic Acids in Mature Sorghum Caryopses as Affected by Inoculation with Fusarium thapsinum (pages 269–272): Oscar R. Rodriguez?Ballesteros, Anaclet S. B. Mansuetus, Richard A. Frederiksen, Gary N. Odvody, Ralph D. Waniska and Darrell T. RosenowChapter 47 Breeding Sorghum for Resistance to Anthracnose, Grain Mold, Downy Mildew, and Head Smuts (pages 273–279): William L. Rooney, S. Delroy Collins, R. R. Klein, P. J. Mehta, Richard A. Frederiksen and R. Rodriguez?HerreraChapter 48 Breeding for Resistance to Root and Stalk Rots in Sorghum (pages 281–286): Mitchell R. Tuinstra, Tesfaye T. Teferra, Larry E. Claflin, Robert G. Henzell, Andrew Borrel, N. Seetharama, Gebeisa Ejeta and Darrell T. RosenowChapter 49 Antifungal Proteins and Other Mechanisms in the Control of Sorghum Stalk Rot and Grain Mold (pages 287–297): Ralph D. Waniska, R. T. Venkatesha, A. Chandrashekar, S. Krishnaveni, F. P. Bejosano, Jeoung?Mee Jeoung, Jayaraj Jayaraman, Subbaratnam Muthukrishnan and George H. LiangChapter 50 Role of Sorghum in Overseasoning of Gibberella zeae (pages 299–303): Lester W. Burgess, Brett A. Summerell, Greg Giblett, David Backhouse, Megan L. Blake, Jillian Smith?White and Melanie ColvilleChapter 51 Rapid Information Dissemination on the World Wide Web (pages 305–307): Jeffrey A. DahlbergChapter 52 Agrobiodiversity in Pest Management (pages 309–319): Jillian M. Lenne and Rodomiro OrtizChapter 53 Sorghum On?Line Crop Information (pages 321–325): Viswanathan Mahalakshmi, Belum V. S. Reddy, Ranajit Bandyopadhyay, Hari C. Sharma, Nanduri K. Rao and Rodomiro OrtizChapter 54 Sorghum Grain Quality for Increased Utilization (pages 327–335): Ralph D. Waniska and Lloyd K RooneyChapter 55 Public?Private Partnerships in International Agricultural Research: A Case for Promoting Technology Transfer and Enhancing Global Trade in Sorghum and Millet (pages 337–341): Mark S. Condon and Jeffrey A. DahlbergChapter 56 Changing Paradigms in the Design and Implementation of Collaborative Research (pages 343–347): Richard A. Frederiksen and John M. YoheChapter 57 Private Sector and Public Institution Interactions on Sorghum and Pearl Millet Disease Management (pages 349–350): Marc A. JohnsonChapter 58 Examples of ICRISAT's Research and Development Partnerships in Sorghum and Millet Improvement (pages 351–363): Rodomiro OrtizChapter 59 Profit?Productive Rotations on Farms in Texas (pages 365–370): Gary C. Peterson, Bonnie B. Pendleton and George L. TeetesChapter 60 Recommendations from the Working Group for the Americas at the Third Global Conference on Sorghum and Millets Diseases (pages 373–374): Laura M. GiordaChapter 61 Recommendations from the African Working Group at the Third Global Conference on Sorghum and Millets Diseases (pages 375–376): Dale E. HessChapter 62 Recommendations from for Asia/Australia at Conference on Sorghum the Working Group the Third Global and Millets Diseases (page 377): Sunkara IndiraChapter 63 Sorghum Diseases in Brazil (pages 379–382): Carlos R. Casela, Alexandre S. Ferreira, Fredolino G. Santos and Fernando B. GuimaraesChapter 64 Sorghum and Pearl Millet Diseases in the Horn of Africa (pages 383–387): J. Peter EseleChapter 65 Sorghum Diseases in Argentina (pages 389–391): Laura M. GiordaChapter 66 Diseases of Sorghum and Pearl Millet in Asia (pages 393–402): S. Indira, Xiude Xu, Nipon Iamsupasit, H. S. Shetty, N. S. Vasanthi, S. D. Singh and Ranajit BandyopadhyayChapter 67 Virus Diseases of Sorghum and Millet in the Americas and Australia (pages 403–410): Stanley G. Jensen and Laura M. GiordaChapter 68 The Status of Sorghum Diseases in Russia (pages 411–413): Aliya S. Kasakova and Alexander A. OleynickChapter 69 Current Status of Sorghum Diseases in Venezuela (pages 415–417): Gino MalagutiChapter 70 Sorghum and Pearl Millet Diseases in West and Central Africa (pages 419–425): Paul S. Marley, Mamourou Diourte, Adama Neya, Stephen K. Nutsugah, P. Sereme, Seriba O. Katile, Dale E. Hess, Demba F. Mbaye and Zachee NgokoChapter 71 Diseases of Sorghum and Pearl Millet in Some Southern African Countries (pages 427–430): Esther Mtisi and Neal W. McLarenChapter 72 Sorghum Viruses in Asia and Africa (pages 431–439): Y. D. Narayana, Ranajit Bandyopadhyay, S. S. Navi and V. MuniyappaChapter 73 Status of Sorghum and Pearl Millet Diseases in Australia (pages 441–448): Malcolm J. Ryley, Denis M. Persley, David R. Jordan and Robert G. HenzellChapter 74 Recurring and Emerging Sorghum Diseases in North America (pages 449–456): James P. StackChapter 75 Sorghum and Millet in Mexico (pages 457–463): Hector Williams?AlanisChapter 76 Diseases of Pearl Millet in the Americas (pages 465–469): Jeffrey P. WilsonChapter 77 Fungal Contaminants and Mycotoxins on Stored Pearl Millet Grain (page 477): Z. Jurjevic, David M. Wilson, Howard H. Casper and Jeffrey P. WilsonChapter 78 A Physiological Approach to Resistance Breeding for Control of Seed Rot and Seedling Diseases of Grain Sorghum (page 473): Aliya S. Kasakova, E. V. Ionova, V. I. Pakhomov, E. I. Lipkovich, M. M. Yanina, M A. Taranov and M. G. FedorishchenkoChapter 79 Development of Durable Johnsongrass Mosaic Virus (JGMV) Resistance in Sorghum via a Transgenic Approach (pages 473–474): Hunter K. C. Laidlaw, Denis M. Persley, Charles K. Pallaghy and Ian D. GodwinChapter 80 Farmer Participatory Studies on Finger Millet in Western Kenya (page 474): Felister W. Makini and Nicholas J. HaydenChapter 81 Differentiation of Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum Isolates Causing Sorghum Grain Mold by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Analysis (page 474): Maria J. Martinez, Luis R. Conci and Laura M. GiordaChapter 82 Phytoalexin Synthesis by Sorghum Grain in Response to Grain Mold (pages 474–475): Maria J. Martinez, Laura M. Giorda, Mirtha Nassetta, Karino Frutero and Julio ZygadloChapter 83 Effect of Sorghum Sowing Dates on Grain Mold Development in Morelos State, Mexico (page 475): Roberto Montes?Belmont, Lectina Bravo?Luna, Hilda Elizabet Flores?Moctezuma, Ignacio Mendez?Ramirez and Raul Nava?JuarezChapter 84 Present Status of Sorghum Pathology in Cameroon (page 475): Zachee NgokoChapter 85 Identification of Host Plant Resistance to Ergot in Sorghum (page 475): Jacob Reed, Mitchell R. Tuinstra and Larry E. ClaflinChapter 86 Relationship of Stay Green to Charcoal Rot and Lodging in Sorghum (pages 475–476): Darrell T. Rosenow, Niaba Teme, Charles A. Woodfin, Gary N. Odvody and Gary C. PetersonChapter 87 The Importance of Public?Private Sector Partnerships to Indian Sorghum Farmers (page 476): Virender Sheorain and Andy H. HallChapter 88 Resistance to Fusarium Stalk Rot in Grain Sorghum (page 476): Tesfaye T. Teferra, Mitchell R. Tuinstra and Larry E ClaflinChapter 89 Access to the Next Generation of Sustainable Control of Covered Kernel Smut of Sorghum (page 477): K. S. L. Wilson and Nicholas J. Hayden