دانلود کتاب Managing Water for All: An OECD Perspective on Pricing and Financing

Water is a key prerequisite for human and economic development, and for maintaining ecosystems. However, billions of people lack access to water and sanitation services, mainly due to poor governance and inadequate investment and maintenance. This report, which emphasises the economic and financial aspects of water resources management and water service provision, the need for an integrated approach (including governance considerations) to address these complex policy challenges, and the importance of establishing a firm evidence base to support policy development and implementation, summarises the results of OECD work in this area. Table of Content : Executive Summary -The benefits of strategic financial planning for water supply and sanitation -Tariffs: Reconciling different policy objectives -How to best harness the capabilities of public and private actors for water supply and sanitation services -Economic instruments to promote sustainable water use for agriculture Introduction Chapter 1. Setting the Stage -The economic backbone of water policies -Current water policy challenges -The evolution of the policy debate -Annex 1.A1. Projected Expenditures on Water and Wastewater Services -Annex 1.A2. A Brief History of International Conferences on Water Chapter 2. Financing Water and Sanitation Services: Key Challenges and the Way Forward -Financing water supply and anitation: Redefining the perspective on the problem -Strategic financing planning: policy options to reduce costs -Strategic financing planning: policy options to increase revenue from the 3Ts -Policy dialogue on WSS financing: Good practices from OECD and developing countries Chapter 3. Water Services: The Central Role of Tariffs -The 2007-2008 OECD Survey: Main trends and data limitations -Pricing ""water"": The challenge of multiple objectives -Tariff structures to address the policy trade-offs -Pricing sanitation and wastewater management: a special challenge -Annex 3.A1. Comparison of Data from GWI Surveys and the World Bank IB-Net Database for EECCA Countries and BRIICS -Annex 3.A2. Criteria Matrix for Assessment of Tariff Structures Chapter 4. Beyond Money: The Roles of Governments and Private Actors in Water Services -Trends in private sector involvement in water supply and sanitation: new actors, new responsibilities -Government responsibilities: The need for clarity -Beyond public and private roles: The key elements for successful private sector participation -Private responsibilities: The elements of responsible business conduct Chapter 5. Managing Water Resources in the Agricultural Sector -Recent trends and outlook -OECD policy experiences and options for sustainable water resource management in agriculture