دانلود کتاب Japanese Political History Since the Meiji Restoration, 1868-2000

From the back cover:Modern Japan's political history has been eventful and turbulent. The country transformed itself from a decentralised feudal regime into a modernising nation-state, which then deviated from that path in the 1930s towards militarism, fascism and pan-Asianism, a course which led to the Pacific War and then to defeat, occupation and the imposition of a fully democratic constitution.This book explores the Meiji Renovation (conventionally but misleadingly termed Restoration); the policies of the samurai modernisers who dominated the Meiji government; the rapid appearance of liberal political parties; the introduction of a German-style constitution and the evolution of a 'politics of compromise' out of the early parliamentary conflict; the broadening of political activity and consciousness with the coming of 'Taisho democracy'; the renewed and sometimes fanatical emphasis on national unity in the 1930s; the wartime changes in the political system; the radical postwar reforms and the 'reverse course'; the four decades of Liberal Democratic Party dominance after the Occupation; and the shake-up of Japanese politics during the 1990s.No other work has covered Japanese political history since 1868 in such detail, and the present volume fills the gap between general histories of modern Japan and the monographic literature.RICHARD SIMS has taught modern Japanese history at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, since 1966. His previous books include Modern Japan (1973) and French Policy towards the Bakufu and Meiji Japan, 1854-1895 (1998).Table of Contents:ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSILLUSTRATIONSPREFACEGLOSSARYA NOTE ON JAPANESE NAMESTHE CHANGING VALUE OF THE YEN1. THE MEIJI RENOVATIONJapan in the mid-nineteenth centuryThe causes of the Meiji IshinThe establishment and consolidation of the Meiji governmentObstacles to centralising reformThe abolition of feudal domainsThe acceleration of modernisationPolitical division and the 1873 governmental crisisThe ascendancy of OkuboThe disestablishment of the samurai and the Satsuma rebellionThe character of the Meiji government2. THE CONSOLIDATION OF THE MEIJI STATE AND THE GROWTH OF POLITICAL OPPOSITION, 1878-90The consolidation of the Meiji stateThe People's Rights movementThe 1881 political crisisThe first national political partiesThe People's Rights movement in the 1880sThe Meiji government's response to the People's Rights movement3. THE CONSTITUTIONAL EXPERIMENT AND THE BEGINNING OF COMPROMISE POLITICS, 1890-1905The first Diet sessionsThe Ito cabinet and the JiyutoThe 1898 impasse and the Kenseito cabinetThe Yamagata cabinet and the KenseitoThe formation of the SeiyukaiPolitics under the first Katsura cabinetThe Hibiya Park riotsThe declining role of the elder statesmen4. POLITICAL PARTY CONSOLIDATION, OLIGARCHIC REACTION AND THE EMERGENCE OF NEW FORCES, 1905-18The political strategy of Hara TakashiThe second Katsura cabinet and the SeiyukaiThe second Saionji cabinet and the death of the EmperorThe Taisho political crisisThe social and ideological background of the Taisho political crisisThe aftermath of the Taisho political crisisThe Okuma cabinet and the rise of the DoshikaiThe Terauchi cabinet and the resurgence of the SeiyukaiThe rice riots and the Hara cabinet5. PARTY CABINETS, RADICAL MOVEMENTS AND THE COLLAPSE OF TAISHO DEMOCRACY, 1918-32The post-war fermentThe policies of the Hara cabinetSeiyukai disunity and non-party cabinetsReform and reaction under the Kato cabinetThe Wakatsuki cabinet and its difficultiesFormation of the Minseito and the 1928 electionThe repressive policies and political difficulties of the Tanaka cabinetFinancial retrenchment and the Naval Limitations controversyThe Depression and failures of the Minseito cabinetMilitary subversion and the Mukden IncidentThe collapse of the second Wakatsuki cabinetThe Inukai cabinet and the May 15th IncidentThe weaknesses of political parties'Taisho Democracy' and the new social movementsLeft-wing political parties6. THE PURSUIT OF GREATER NATIONAL UNITY AND THE WAR STATE, 1932-45The upsurge of fundamentalist nationalismThe divisions within Japanese ultranationalismThe Saito cabinetThe Okada cabinet and the Minobe affairFactional struggle in the armyThe February 26th IncidentThe increase in military influence on governmentThe partial party revival and the Hayashi cabinetThe first Konoe cabinet and the China IncidentThe Hiranuma and Abe cabinetsThe Yonai cabinet and the new party movementKonoe and the new political structureThe emasculation of the new structurePolitics and foreign policy in 1941Tojo, the 1942 election and war-time politicsThe growth of opposition to TojoThe Koiso and Suzuki cabinets and the peace partyThe decision to surrender7. THE POST-WAR RESHAPING OF JAPANESE POLITICS, 1945-52Conservative expectations and initial Occupation policyConstitutional reformThe revival of political partiesThe 1946 election and the purge of HatoyamaThe first Yoshida cabinet and the challenge of the LeftSocialist-led coalition governmentThe change in American policy and the return to conservative controlThe end of the Occupation8. THE '1955 SYSTEM' AND THE ERA OF L.D.P. DOMINANCE, 1952-93The persistence of American influenceConservative division and Yoshida's oustingSocialist merger and the formation of the Liberal Democratic PartyThe Hatoyama cabinet and the reaction against the OccupationKishi's rise to powerKishi and Security Treaty revisionPolitical conciliation and economic growth under IkedaThe Sato cabinet and political change in the 1960sThe retrocession of OkinawaRelations with China and the end of the Sato cabinetThe Tanaka cabinet's aims and setbacksThe Miki cabinet and the obstacles to political reformThe Lockheed scandal and the Fukuda cabinetLDP factional conflict and the Ohira cabinet's loss of a Diet majorityThe conservative revivalThe Suzuki cabinet and administrative reformNakasone's new approachThe Liberal Democratic Party's 1986 election successIntroduction of the consumption taxThe Recruit scandal and the collapse of the Takeshita and Uno cabinetsThe collapse of the 'bubble economy' and the impact of the Gulf CrisisThe Sagawa scandal and the Liberal Democratic Party's fall from powerThe reasons for the LDP's long dominance9. THE SHAKE-UP OF JAPANESE POLITICS, 1993-2000The Hosokawa coalition and its reform measuresThe conservative-Social Democratic coalition, 1994-6The New Frontier Party and the 1996 electionThe Hashimoto cabinet and the LDP setback in 1998The Obuchi cabinet and the LDP-Liberal Party-Komeito coalitionThe Japanese political situation at the beginning of the twenty-first centuryBIBLIOGRAPHY