دانلود کتاب Industrial high pressure applications : processes, equipment and safety

Following a useful introduction, this timely and comprehensive publication goes on to describe different industrial processes, including catalytic syntheses, polymerization and renewable energy processes, before covering safety and equipment issues.With its excellent choice of industrial contributions, this handbook offers high quality information not found elsewhere, making it invaluable reading for a broad and interdisciplinary audience. Read more... Content: Industrial High Pressure Applications: Processes, Equipment and Safety; Contents; Preface; List of Contributors; Part One: Introduction; 1 Historical Retrospect on High-Pressure Processes; References; 2 Basic Engineering Aspects; 2.1 What are the Speci.cs of High-Pressure Processes?; 2.2 Thermodynamic Aspects: Phase Equilibrium; 2.3 Software and Data Collection; 2.4 Phase Equilibrium: Experimental Methods and Measuring Devices; 2.5 Interfacial Phenomena and Data; 2.6 Material Properties and Transport Data for Heat and Mass Transfer; 2.7 Evaporation and Condensation at High Pressures 2.7.1 Evaporation2.8 Condensation; References; Part Two: Processes; 3 Catalytic and Noncatalytic Chemical Synthesis; 3.1 Thermodynamics as Driver for Selection of High Pressure; 3.1.1 Chemical Equilibrium: Law of Mass Action; 3.1.2 Reaction Kinetics; 3.1.3 Phase Equilibria and Transport Phenomena; 3.2 Ammonia Synthesis Process; 3.2.1 Basics and Principles; 3.2.2 History of the Ammonia Process; 3.2.3 Development of Process and Pressure; 3.2.4 Special Aspects; 3.3 Urea Process; 3.3.1 Basics and Principles; 3.3.2 History of Urea Process; 3.3.3 Integration of Ammonia and Urea Processes 3.3.4 Special Construction Materials3.4 General Aspects of HP Equipment; 3.4.1 Multilayered Vessels; 3.4.2 Recommendations to Vessel Design; 3.4.3 Gaskets and Bolting; References; 4 Low-Density Polyethylene High-Pressure Process; 4.1 Introduction; 4.1.1 Historical Background; 4.1.2 Properties and Markets; 4.1.3 Polyethylene High-Pressure Processes; 4.1.4 Latest Developments; 4.2 Reaction Kinetics and Thermodynamics; 4.2.1 Initiation; 4.2.2 Propagation; 4.2.3 Chain Transfer; 4.2.4 Termination; 4.2.5 Reaction Kinetics; 4.3 Process; 4.3.1 General Process Description; 4.3.2 Autoclave Reactor 4.3.3 Tubular Reactor4.3.4 Safety; 4.4 Products and Properties; 4.4.1 Blown Film; 4.4.2 Extrusion Coating; 4.4.3 Injection Molding; 4.4.4 Wire and Cable; 4.4.5 Blow Molding; 4.4.6 Copolymers; 4.5 Simulation Tools and Advanced Process Control; 4.5.1 Introduction; 4.5.2 Off-Line Applications; 4.5.2.1 Flow Sheet Simulations; 4.5.2.2 Steady-State Simulation of the Tubular Reactor; 4.5.2.3 Dynamic Simulation of the Process; 4.5.3 Online Application; 4.5.3.1 Soft Sensors; 4.5.3.2 Advanced Process Control; References; 5 High-Pressure Homogenization for the Production of Emulsions 5.1 Motivation: Why High-Pressure Homogenization for Emulsi.cation Processes?5.2 Equipment: High-Pressure Homogenizers; 5.2.1 Principal Design; 5.2.2 Disruption Systems for High-Pressure Homogenization; 5.2.2.1 Valves; 5.2.2.2 Orifices and Nozzles; 5.2.3 Flow Conditions; 5.2.3.1 Flow Conditions in the Disruption System; 5.2.3.2 Effect of Flow Conditions in Homogenization Valves on Emulsion Droplets; 5.2.4 Simultaneous Emulsi.cation and Mixing (SEM) Systems; 5.3 Processes: Emulsi.cation and Process Functions; 5.3.1 Droplet Disruption in High-Pressure Valves; 5.3.2 Droplet Coalescence in Homogenization Valves. Abstract: This timely and comprehensive publication covers different industrial processes as well as safety and equipment issues. The excellent choice of contributions provides high quality information not found elsewhere, making this handbook invaluable for an interdisciplinary audience. Read more...