دانلود کتاب The "Etiamsi Daremus" of Hugo Grotius: A Study in the Origins of International Law

In 1625, in his famous treatise, The Law of War and Peace, Hugo Grotius stated that the natural law would exist "even if we should concede that which cannot be conceded without the utmost wickedness, that there is no God, or that the affairs of men are of no concern to him" ("etiamsi daremus ... non esse Deum").This declaration of the "etiamsi daremus", has been the subject of sharp controversy for almost three and a half centuries. Some have seen in it the emancipation of international law from medieval theology. Others cite it to prove that Grotius was the founder of a new school of natural law. More recent scholars, on the other hand, have shown that the concept of the "etiamsi daremus" was common to several Scholastic writers who immediately preceded Grotius, in particular, to Francis Suarez and Gabriel Vasquez.In contrast to several authors who link the Grotian "etiamsi daremus" exclusively to Francis Suarez, Father St. Leger maintains that this notion that the natural law would exist even though God did not exist, is alien to the legal doctrine of Suarez but perfectly in accord with the doctrine of Gabriel Vasquez. From historical sources he attempts to show that it is not only possible but even probable that Grotius was familiar with the natural law doctrine of Gabriel Vasquez and that consequently this doctrine may well have been the source of the "etiamsi daremus"). Father James St. Leger, M. M., was born in Buffalo, New York in 1931. He was ordained in the Catholic Foreign Mission Society of America, the Maryknoll Fathers, in 1958. After completing his doctoral studies at the Dominican "Angelicum" University in Rome, he returned to the Major Seminary of the Maryknoll Fathers in Ossining, New York, where he is now professor of canon law and the social sciences.